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Fetal growth restriction sets up a pattern of fetal programming that often leads to rapid postnatal catch-up growth, especially in weight. That accelerated gain, particularly in adipose tissue, increases the risk of obesity and related metabolic issues in childhood and beyond. Constitutionally small infants, who are small for their gestational age due to normal variation rather than true growth restriction, don’t share this programmed trajectory and don’t have the same heightened obesity risk. So the long-term risk most specifically linked to FGR is childhood obesity. The other options don’t fit: there isn’t a blanket “no risks” stance, hyperopia isn’t a growth-restriction–related outcome, and increased athletic performance isn’t a plausible risk or consequence of FGR.